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September 18, 2006 4:00 AM PDT

Vista's European battleground

Windows Vista hasn't shipped yet, but Microsoft and the European Union are already caught up in a tussle over the antitrust impact of security technology in the operating system.

Microsoft wants the 25-nation bloc to set clear boundaries as to what it can and can't do. By asking European regulators for guidelines now, Microsoft hopes to avoid an antitrust battle after Vista ships, where it might be forced to pull features out of the operating system. However, the EU has only provided a more general picture of the landscape.

Last month, Microsoft Chief Executive Officer Steve Ballmer met with EU Competition Commissioner Neelie Kroes. The visit came after the software giant received a list of 79 questions related to Vista from the European Commission, the EU's executive body. Despite this list, Microsoft feels it is driving blind.

"We still have not received the guidance we're seeking," Jack Evans, a Microsoft spokesman, said Thursday. "In July, we received a formal list of questions, but no answers about what specific concerns the Commission has, or how we should address them. We need answers, not questions."

But as far as the Commission is concerned, it is not the regulators' responsibility to vet Vista before it ships. Rather, it is Microsoft's responsibility as a "near monopolist" to abide by EU competition rules--in particular, those that prohibit abuse of a dominant market position, Commission spokesman Jonathan Todd said Friday.

"The Commission is ready to give guidance to Microsoft and has done so so many times, but it is not up to the Commission to give Microsoft a definitive green light before Vista is put on the market," Todd said. This is also the message Kroes gave "very clearly" to Ballmer when the two met on Aug. 22, he added.

The main rule for Microsoft is to ensure that the market allows competition between security providers on the merits of their products, Todd said. "If business and home users are deprived of choice, a security 'monoculture' based on Microsoft products may lead to less innovation and could harm all computer users. Security risks could increase, and not decrease," he said.

What's the fuss about?

The European Union won't publicly specify what parts of Vista it doesn't like, but Microsoft has highlighted some areas where it sees "confusion."

PatchGuard
Feature in 64-bit version of Vista that locks down the kernel. Security companies say they're being locked out and need kernel access for their products to secure systems.
BitLocker
Feature included in Vista Business and Ultimate that lets people encrypt all the data on their hard drive. Other businesses sell encryption software.
Windows Defender
Anti-spyware tool that is part of all versions of Vista. Third-party products offer similar functionality. Until recently, Defender could not be disabled by those products.
Windows Security Center
Feature in Vista that gives a "neutral" view of the status of security software, Microsoft says. Other players aren't so sure about that neutrality, since Microsoft competes with them.

Source: Microsoft

Microsoft, with its $34 billion war chest, is now a player in the antivirus market. It launched Windows Live OneCare for consumers and is readying enterprise security products under its new Forefront brand. With its huge presence on desktops, the software giant has a built-in advantage--one that is making some security companies nervous.

Earlier this month, Microsoft suggested that the European launch of the already oft-delayed Vista could be pushed back as the result of a lack of direction from the Commission. Last week, however, the company said the European launch is on track. Vista is expected to be released to computer makers in November and is slated to be broadly available in January.

European dispute
Microsoft and the Commission have been at loggerheads for years over antitrust. Two months ago, European regulators slapped the Redmond, Wash.-based company with a $357 million fine for noncompliance with a 2004 antitrust ruling, which Microsoft is still appealing.

The argument over Vista is only the next stage in that discussion, Roger Kay, an analyst at Endpoint Technologies Associates, wrote in a research note published Friday. "This argument is an extension of a longtime dispute that essentially has no real solution," he wrote.

In the landmark 2004 European ruling Microsoft was faulted for abusing its market position by shipping its own media player software with Windows, giving it a huge market share in one go. In Vista, security software and features have emerged as the hottest point of contention among a number of concerns.

"The Commission has monitored and discussed with Microsoft several aspects of Vista, including Microsoft's integration of security software into Vista," Todd said.

Microsoft is worried that the European regulators might require it to strip some security features out of Vista. "The bottom line is that we want to launch Vista in a fully lawful manner, and we want to avoid regulatory decisions that could increase security risks for European consumers," Evans said.

CONTINUED: European tour...
Page 1 | 2

See more CNET content tagged:
European Union, commission, margin, Microsoft Windows Vista, Steve Ballmer

Add a Comment (Log in or register) 106 comments (Showing first 20 comments)
My thanks to the EU.
by extinctone September 18, 2006 4:32 AM PDT
It seems the anti-trust busters on the other side of the pond know how to keep MS under control. Rulings come with teeth, as opposed to being hit with a pay-off and allowed to continue with business as usual like here in the states.
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Correction Request
by wbenton September 18, 2006 5:26 AM PDT
>>>Microsoft and the European Union are already caught up in a tussle over the antitrust impact<<<

Request that you change:

>>>are already<<<

TO

>>>have always been<<<

Walt
Reply to this comment
EU (or is it UE?)
by davidvh2 September 18, 2006 5:43 AM PDT
It's not surprising that the EU have given their comment thus; they still haven't organized things amonst themselves such as ID cards, Licences for driving, inspections of cars & many other things that affect normal day to day life. Seems they just sit at very considerable cost & pontificate amongst themselves. Microsoft, can wait in line & if it delays Vista as a result, so what? We can manage perfectly well without it.
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To Microsoft:
by wbenton September 18, 2006 5:46 AM PDT
The EU isn't going to hand you their market on a silver platter like the US does.

They've said time and again that you MUST NOT crouch on their business and that you MUST provide a FAIR method for EU software vendors to be able to compete by linking to the same API's you use for your products which you attach to your Operating System.

Otherwise, you're being unfair.

On a same note, you're also performing those same unfair practices within the US, but only a relatively small few actually complain today because you've smutted their voices in the past for speaking out against them.

The EU won't put up with your unfair practices. Thus you must meet their fairness standards if you want any part of their market at all.

I wish the EU all the best and hope that you will change your unfair practices around the globe... and not only to meet the EU's needs. But for strange reasons, I highly doubt that you will really do what they want. You'll probably compromise half-way and offer them a special deal like you usually do!

Walt
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Consumer feedback
by Jerry Dawson September 18, 2006 6:02 AM PDT
All I might want is the operating system/kernel - a single version that can be configured for the hardware/environment it will run in.

I do not want Explorer, MSN, Media Player, Outlook Express, security software, or anything else my customers do not use and do not wish to pay for bundled with the O/S.

I also want the price capped to well under €50 or reselling is a problem.
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Who says it is about VISTA when it should be about the CONCORDE...
by Captain_Spock September 18, 2006 7:34 AM PDT
.... and might soon be about the EU's "clumsy" A380 that would require countries to expand their airport facilities to accomodate this yet another of the EU's waste of tax payer's dollars when the EU's IT jobs are flowing into countries like India and China faster than the "CONCORDE" that the EU was forced to pull from its airline operations because of apparently poorly developed financial, economic and technical management. Who should pay any attention to any group of people from a certain part of the world who appear not to be able to develop competitive OSes (re: LINUX) and an IT industry of their own that they must now seek to influence the way other regional economies operate. Why doesn't the EU simply ask Microsoft to supply a Modular "VISTA" Kernel just for EU users and then develop the rest of the applications for themselves!
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I Want My Maypo?Er-r-r?Microsoft Million$
by Catgic September 18, 2006 7:59 AM PDT
The EUC regulators have no incentive to set clear boundaries and give clear antitrust guidelines to Microsoft because it is all about them assuring they obtain the next EUC [i]?Pay Day?[/i] from all American businesses competing in Europe, particularly Microsoft.

As far as Nellie Kroes and her band of EUC [i]?Blackbirds?[/i] are concerned, successful Microsoft is by definition a ?near monopolist? by virtue of it being an American Capitalist, its market success and deep pockets. The EUC has acquired a taste for the U$Ds U.S. companies use to pay their EUC imposed [i]?fines,?[/i] and they want regular servings.

In socialist Europe, it is a [i]?Capitalist Pig Sin?[/i] to pursue, win and hold a dominant market position. Only the EUC Bureaucracy is permitted to control, dominant, and define what competition is to the marketplace and the market players. JP B-)
Reply to this comment
Idiots...
by BigCoffinHunter September 18, 2006 8:09 AM PDT
So, basically the commission members are just trying to cover their own ***** by not giving Vista a "green light" ahead of time so that in the future they can levy fines. Basically, they'd prefer Microsoft to release the operating system with absolutely no features and then force the user to have to go online and download all of the available features separately. Me, I'd much rather have all of the features included and free so that I don't have to buy third-party software, which I, and probably about 95% of the rest of us, would never buy anyways, I don't care how much better it is than Microsoft's. We're cheap. We're lazy. We don't want to have to lose both time and money on something we could have for free. Why not just give an option while installing the operating system to choose which features to install?
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Simple example/story
by waterspider September 18, 2006 8:52 AM PDT
There is a person, with a history of violating laws and has been convicted in a few cases. He also violates several business ethics and got away with it and was not convicted. He is also very very rich, so he can make deals with whoever sues then if they'll accept money. So over the years, he got into a habit of violating all rules, laws and business ethics to make more and more money - and his lies have become very crafty and his practices very stealthy, treacherous and deceitful. This has just become part of his behavior.

Now, he is making a product and is asking the government (EU in this case) what part of the product violates the laws. Depending on the answer, he'd craft his lie and PR, and may even use this as the next excuse for a Vista delay (even in the US market). He will then ask another question which is crafty, to get another excuse to blame the EU. It has never been the Government's role to provide answers to the question of "Am i doing this in a legal way?" (and a thousand small variations of it, for every person and company). It is always the responsibility of the person to understand illegal conduct and aviod it, or if he practises illegal conduct, to be sued for it and take the consequences.

No government has enough resources to answer every question about "is this legal?" for every situation from everyone who wants to ask the question. That's why they make the laws and regulations, to let the citizens and organizations to know the law and to know when they violate the law.

-srr
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EU: Make Vista Less Secure
by FutureGuy September 18, 2006 9:54 AM PDT
What is EU trying to say where? Don't provide built in security so that the market for "security products" continue to flourish. MS entering this market was probably the best thing that happened to consumers from a security stand point. MS is making the OS itself way more secure (build in firewall etc) but also brought down the prices of antivirus products to reasonable levels. Ideally that market should cease to exist.
EU is plain out of touch and greedy for money.
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The EU hinders companies to compete!
by Björn Lundahl September 18, 2006 10:14 AM PDT
When companies compete in separate markets, different competitive measures are often taken by companies in those markets. People in those markets, because of culture, values goods and services differently and are willing to pay for goods and services in accordance with those values. For instance, in Italy, people are very willing to buy cheap cars made by the Italian car manufacturer ?Fiat?. Volkswagen, decided to sell their cars in Italy to Italians for lower prices. Volkswagen, thought, that these measures were needed in that market to compete effectively. People from Austria and Germany went to Italy in search for bargains ?offered by Volkswagen?. Volkswagen dealers said no. Low prices are only offered to Italian customers! For these ?crimes? The European Union's High Court upheld a $110.5 million fine for Volkswagen. This happened in 1998. Now, Volkswagen and other companies must have same prices in all markets to all people, otherwise they risk to get heavily punished. In other words, if people are willing to cross borders in search for bargains, it is better for a company like Volkswagen, to raise its prices in Italy and lose market share. Apart from Volkswagen, the Italians will suffer. Alternatively, they could have the same low prices in all markets, but that might not be profitable or even lead to bankruptcy. In the very end, competition is hindered! This is only an example of Government in action and what it actually does ?to promote competition?. For more information about this case, go to; http://www.globalethics.org/newsline/members/issue.tmpl?articleid=09220316204320
And to http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/02_19/b3782014.htm


Björn Lundahl
Göteborg Sweden
Reply to this comment
The Emperor's New Clothes
by Björn Lundahl September 18, 2006 10:19 AM PDT
People are led to believe that trade restrictions between regions or countries ?create jobs at home?, which they certainly do not. If people had the opposite belief that ?free trade? between regions or countries ?creates jobs at home?, that would also be an incorrect belief. Trade restrictions or free trade does not cause unemployment or cause employment in a region or country. Trade restrictions only lower the standard of living, hamper competition and restrict liberty. If for instance, the EU imposes tariffs on Chinese textiles, the Euro will appreciate against the Chinese Yuan (the value of the Euro will increase relatively to the Chinese Yuan). This depreciation (decrease in value) of the Chinese Yuan against the Euro, in this example, is caused by a smaller demand for Chinese textiles and therefore a smaller demand for Europeans to buy the Chinese Yuan. Because of this change in exchange rates, prices of goods from the EU to China will be generally higher and prices of goods from China will be generally lower (apart from textiles). As you can imagine, this will increase employment in the European textile sector, but decrease employment in other sectors. At the whole, unemployment will not change but trade between the regions will be lower. Specialization, competition and living standards in the EU region will be hampered. The tariffs will only serve special interest that is the textile manufacturers and their employees. Surely, we want our representatives to serve the common good and the common man and not special interests!

Someone might complain that the Chinese are intervening in the exchange markets to keep their currency artificially low and that they are not letting market forces to appreciate their currency, and therefore my statement about free trade, in this case, is not applicable. Free trade, someone might think, is presupposed by freely fluctuating currencies with no Government intervention (also called clean floating exchange rates). Certainly I do not want Governments to intervene in exchange markets, but actually it is the Chinese that are in this case the losers and we are the winners. We should be glad that China is suppressing the rise of its currency, and the Chinese people should be mad about it. When market prices indicate that, for example, a project is unprofitable; investors naturally stop investing in such a project. Otherwise, factors of production such as land, capital, and labour would be wasted. Every government manipulation of market prices is a step toward economic breakdown and chaos. Land, capital, and labour that are invested in the exporting business in China because of a suppressed currency, have changed the economic structure in China and are mal investments, unprofitable for the nation to undertake, and we are getting something free. We don't need to export anything to pay for this "extra importation of Chinese products?. To make my statement more obvious, we could consider that if the Chinese currency would be suppressed to no value at all (which would not be possible to realize), the Chinese would be working for nothing (which is, naturally unprofitable for China to undertake) and the market forces in the EU (if market forces would not be hindered by Governments) would reallocate land, capital and labour for other uses and to those fields which the Chinese are not able to compete (even if the Chinese were working and exporting to full capacity, that will not, by far, be enough to satisfy all our wants). The increases in production which mentioned reallocation of recourses leads to are our extra bonus. We should applaud this and the Chinese people should revolt!

Free trade is not, either, presupposed by different currencies.
We do not worry about the balance of payments between London and Manchester, Berlin and Munich, Paris and Bordeaux or Stockholm and Göteborg etc. Market forces will smoothen out any imbalances. If, for example, London exports more to Manchester than Manchester exports to London, the demand for goods and services will be greater in London relatively to their supply, and also relatively to the situation in Manchester. Because of this, prices will go up in London and therefore will exports from London to Manchester contract, as well as, imports from Manchester to London will expand. This happens all the time and we do not even know about it and therefore do not worry about it. Governments do create problems all the time.

Only Governments can be so silly to reject great offers and bargains. Individuals doing the same thing would be considered mad.

The essence with above statements is that Governments hinders competition, lower our standard of living, promote special interests and they make excuses for this with faulty theories and propaganda.

Björn Lundahl
Göteborg Sweden
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'raised the specter of a delay'
by grandmasterdibbler September 18, 2006 10:35 AM PDT
I thought that specter had been hanging over Vista since it changed it's name from longhorn?
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Blatant money grab by the EU
by September 18, 2006 11:03 AM PDT
The fact that they wont give a green light to MS ahead of time shows that the EU is simply looking at this as a way of grabbing money from successful companies. MS is appearently TRYING to cooperate with the EU. But the EU would prefer to look at things 'after the fact' so they could come up with any number of so-called violations that they can fine MS for, and thus line their pockets.

This is a blatantly obvious money grab by the EU.
Reply to this comment
Improving security is up to us...and them
by bayny September 18, 2006 11:32 AM PDT
While the actions of a "near monopolist" such as Microsoft are sometimes frightening to other businesses and consumers in the industry, we need not have our focus removed from the real issue at hand. The missions of Microsoft's security division and of other secuirty companies are to provide their customers with the most advanced security software available, not to limit growth. As consumers of this software we must continue to demand that these companies remain true to their missions by continuing to demand the software they promise to provide. Indeed, industry leaders and "near monopolists" do have an opporunity to stifle development. However, our conitnued demand of superior software will prevent them from doing this. http://www.essentialsecurity.com/
Reply to this comment
Improving security is up to us...and them
by bayny September 18, 2006 11:33 AM PDT
While the actions of a "near monopolist" such as Microsoft are sometimes frightening to other businesses and consumers in the industry, we need not have our focus removed from the real issue at hand. The missions of Microsoft's security division and of other secuirty companies are to provide their customers with the most advanced security software available, not to limit growth. As consumers of this software we must continue to demand that these companies remain true to their missions by continuing to demand the software they promise to provide. Indeed, industry leaders and "near monopolists" do have an opporunity to stifle development. However, our conitnued demand of superior software will prevent them from doing this. http://www.essentialsecurity.com/
Reply to this comment
Microsoft Should Aim For A December 25th...
by Captain_Spock September 18, 2006 12:03 PM PDT
... launch date and not consider the possibilities of a delay and not as was stated earlier this month by Microsoft when it "suggested that the European launch of the already oft-delayed Vista could be pushed back as the result of a lack of direction from the Commission"; after all, apart from security needs... the percentage (not concerned about the EU market and its posturings) of the 90% plus market share must certainly be looking forward to other functionalities from VISTA to conduct their business at hand. If the EU wishes, they can "wait" until a Version of the OS that fits their specific needs ships to manufacturers!
Reply to this comment
it's all about American companies
by dirk goedseels September 18, 2006 1:13 PM PDT
first of all: for those interested in the story from the EU: check
http://ec.europa.eu/comm/competition/antitrust/cases/
microsoft/

So I really don't understand why all these hatred mails wrt to the
EU are popping up:
- in December 1998 an AMERICAN company, called SUN finds
that it cannot compete with MS because it lacks information on
how to interoperate with Windows. Apparently, the AMERICAN
legislation doesn't care about this, and allows AMERICAN
companies to kill each other on the market? Not so in Europe
where the legislation foresees in competition. Because of this
AMERICAN complaint, the commision starts an investigation, and
finds that eg WMP comes bundled with Windows (and is not
available as a separate download) which hurts - again - another
AMERICAN company, called Netscape.
Because MS doesn't want to comply with the EU legislation, they
get a fine (I don't know about AMERICAN laws, but in Europe,
you get punished when breaking a law)

Now comes Vista, and what seems: anti-virus software comes
bundled with the OS, thus making it tough for competition to
sell competing products. In this case, AMERICAN companies like
Symantec and McAfee are likely to issue a same kind of
complaint to the EU commision when Vista gets released in
Europe with bundled SW.

Bottom line: the EU regulation is preventing from AMERICAN
companies to go bankrupt because of the monopoly position of
MS, that is bundling SW in the OS, which should be separated
from it, allowing competition to offer competing products.

So if you like seing Sun, Apple, Netscape, Symantec, McAfee and
other AMERICAN companies go out of business, please keep on
bashing the EU legislation. If OTOH you like competition on the
market, you may get your legislators convinced as well for a
similar law in the US.
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Alan Greenspan did not like antitrust laws and their authorities!
by Björn Lundahl September 18, 2006 1:28 PM PDT
Actually, I do not like Ayn Rand, but still, in her book ?Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal?, there is an interesting chapter (Antitrust, chapter 4) written by Alan Greenspan (former chairman of the Federal Reserve). I, hereby quote from page 70 a few sentences written by Alan Greenspan ?The entire structure of antitrust statutes in this country is a jumble of economic irrationality and ignorance. It is the product: (a) of a gross misinterpretation of history, and (b) of rather naive, and certainly unrealistic economic theories?. I, hereby also quote some of the last sentences from this chapter (page 71) ?Whatever damage the antitrust laws may have done to our economy, whatever distortions of the structure of the nation?s capital they may have created, these are less disastrous than the fact that the effective purpose, the hidden intent, and the actual practice of the antitrust laws in the United States have led to the condemnation of the productive and efficient members of our society ?because? they are productive and efficient?. Naturally, these statements also can be applied to EU regulators and antitrust laws.

Björn Lundahl
Göteborg Sweden
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Read Alan Greenspans Own Story Against Anti Trust Laws!
by Björn Lundahl September 18, 2006 1:56 PM PDT
Go to;
http://www.polyconomics.com/searchbase/06-12-98.html

Björn Lundahl
Göteborg Sweden
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