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November 9, 2005 11:16 AM PST

Apple tries to patent 'tamper-resistant software'

Apple Computer, which is in the process of switching to computers based on the omnipresent Intel processor, has filed a patent application describing a method for securely running Mac OS X on specific hardware.

The Mac maker has applied for a patent to cover a "system and method for creating tamper-resistant code." Apple describes ways of ensuring that code can be limited to specific hardware, even in a world in which operating systems can be run simultaneously, in so-called virtual machines. The patent application was made in April of 2004, but only made public last Thursday.

In its application, Apple describes a means of securing code using either a specific hardware address or read-only memory (ROM) serial number. Apple also talks about securing the code while interchanging information among multiple operating systems. Mac OS X, Windows and Linux are called out specifically in the filing.

"This invention relates generally to the field of computer data processing and more particularly to techniques for creating tamper-resistant software," Apple says in its patent filing. Specifically, Apple refers to the technique of "code obfuscation," in which software makers employ techniques that make it harder for those using debuggers or emulators to figure out how a particular block of code is working.

Apple's patent application comes as the company prepares to offer its Mac OS X operating system for Intel-based chips, with the first machines slated to go on sale next year.

Historically, the company has had to worry less about the Mac running on non-Apple hardware because it has used different chips and other components from those that power Windows PCs. With its move to Intel chips, though, the innards of the Mac will become more similar to those of its Windows-based counterparts.

The company said it is not planning on supporting Windows or other operating systems on the Intel-based Macs it sells but has also said it doesn't plan on taking steps to prevent Mac owners from running other operating systems.

"We won't do anything to preclude that," Apple Senior Vice President Phil Schiller told CNET News.com in June.

However, Schiller also said Apple has no plans to allow its operating system to run on non-Apple hardware. "We will not allow running Mac OS X on anything other than an Apple Mac," he said. An Apple representative declined to comment Wednesday on the patent filing. Clearly, though, Apple is gearing up the intellectual property push around the Intel move.

The company has reportedly been beefing up the technology that constrains the Intel versions of Mac OS X to run only on authorized machines, to this point a set of test Macs given to developers. The company has also applied for a trademark on Rosetta, its technology for running existing Mac programs on the Intel chips.

See more CNET content tagged:
Apple Computer, Apple Mac OS, Apple Mac OS X, Apple Macintosh, patent

Add a Comment (Log in or register) 53 comments (Showing first 20 comments)
Hope it works...
by shoffmueller November 9, 2005 12:07 PM PST
... cuz if someone figures out how to run OS X on any old intel machine, that would be the end of Mac as we know it.
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THINK DIFFERENT Platform Independent
by Nael November 9, 2005 1:04 PM PST
Platform Independent

Apple you need to stop relying on the hardware as your cash cow and copy the market leader which is Microsoft.

Separate the software from the hardware. You cater to the masses and not to the selective few with your hardware offering. I give you credit, you?re hardware design is among the elite but I can?t and will not shell out money for something proprietary.

Steve Jobs, you started NEXT as a platform independent software company. Follow that strategy with MAC OS X. As a user of MAC OS X, WINDOWS, and Linux, I really like Apple?s value proposition. You know how to take an operating system that is difficult to understand and market to the masses. I like the fact you?ve taken UNIX from the GEEK realm and placed it on every desk with every computer. Do not stop there.

Remember your Think Different campaign. Maybe you need to ?THINK DIFFERENT?. NO HARDWARE lock in.

I know you want to control the quality of the OS with the interaction of the hardware. Do not underestimate you user base. Most of us are all technically savvy.


Salam,
Nael Mohammad
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Apple's Dual-Boot Patent
by mgreere November 9, 2005 2:27 PM PST
I recall recently reading about another Apple patent that allows
for dual-booting Mac OSX and WIndows (and/or Linux, so triple-
booting).

Allowing the Mac OS to run on non-Apple boxes? Bad for Apple.
Hence the patent mentioned in the article.

Allowing other OS's to run on a Macintel with little effort beyond
an installation? Great for Apple. Not necessarily bad for MS.
Realize that this means Apple is confident its OS will come
across as superior (I think it already does).
Reply to this comment
Tamper resistant software
by casthare November 9, 2005 3:50 PM PST
Tamper resistant software is fine, but the idea of only letting it run on Apple sold hardware only is out of date! OS-X is an alternative operating system so why not let us run it on any Intel based system? This way Steve Jobs may actually get a bigger chunk of the OS wars.
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This just isnt really about "...tampering"...
by Gayle Edwards November 9, 2005 5:06 PM PST
This (along with most of their DRM-strategies) clearly appears to be yet another "lock-in", and "control" attempt by Apple. And, this is the real problem, as I see it.

I like Apples, I always have, ...heck, I still have practically every "Apple ][http://" model ever made. And, I still periodically power them-up, ...just for sentimental reasons (In fact, I am looking for a set of original "Integer-Basic" ROMS to restore an owner-upgraded "Apple |http://" model ever made. And, I still periodically power them-up, ...just for sentimental reasons (In fact, I am looking for a set of original "Integer-Basic" ROMS to restore an owner-upgraded "Apple ][+" to its original "glory").

I also love "OS-X". But, Apples biggest problem has always been their seemingly-uncontrollable lust for control, through proprietary-technologies. That is why they "lost" the "personal-computer war" in the first place (sorry, but 5-percent market-share is due, very much, to a certain Steves repeated refusal to allow his "Insanely Great", and many admit, superior-technologies, out into the larger world, ...un-tethered to Apple, ...where it could be driven by more than just "Apple Computer").

This, long-term, behavior has also resulted in the "price problem", which Apple is still trying to conquer.

But, if they (Apple) keep trying to force the industry into an unwanted (by consumers) direction, for their own benefit, Apple is just going to remain a "bit-player", who is constantly admired (and copied) but never is the "player" they really should be.
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I heard...
by Mendz November 9, 2005 5:54 PM PST
One of the reasons Microsoft made Windows Vista's release earlier is because of MacIntel. Although this patent seems to conclude that Apple won't offer Mac on any PC with "Intel inside", Apple can always change their mind...
Reply to this comment
New Record For Ty! :-)
by open-mind November 10, 2005 6:12 PM PST
The most Ty messages ever deleted in one forum!

Fortunately, I've learned that the fastest way to destroy your own
credibility is to become irate or start throwing insults.

The second fastest way to destroy your credibility is to admit that
you prefer/own Apple computers.

I'm only guilty of the latter. ;-)
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No reason to buy anything other than Apple
by npxzbebq November 10, 2005 7:38 PM PST
Nobody else will sell a machine with the ability to legally and flawlessly run all the major operating systems (ESPECIALLY OS X).

As long as Apple locks up the ability to run OS X on its machines, all the "IBM PC-Compatible" guys had better look at new revenue streams.

For Apple this is totally a 180 degree turn from the clone licensing days.
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Still not down...
by tahbasco November 10, 2005 9:01 PM PST
One of the previous poster's said Apple is a hardware company like Dell. I have to disagree with that point. Though their hardware makes up for the majority of their sales, OSX is what really drives Macs. Because of that I believe they are a software company first, then the hardware comes in second.

I have to agree with Nael. I do not believe Apple will make much noise, as far as market share, until they release their OS to run on ordinary PCs. The hardware is irrelevant. The money is in the software, in this case, OSX. There can be no clearer evidence of this than Microsoft. Think about it, when we compare the market share of Apple, Linux, and Microsoft, we aren't comparing the hardware. We are comparing how many computers are running the OS.

Will Apple eventually take this route? I hope so. Competition breeds better products and innovation. And no they are not competing with Microsoft right now, not with 5% of the market. Most people who don't like Macs would buy a stand-alone copy of OSX. I can almost guarantee it. They are anti-Apple because of the hardware/software combination. Offer it alone and Apple market share will climb at a fast rate.

Oh yeah, it has to be able to play video games! People love chalking up video, photo, and music editing, but it's the gamers and enthusiats who really propel the PC market. Besides the business market of course.

My .02
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The Real Reason
by R Me November 12, 2005 8:29 AM PST
The real reason Apple want ot use Intel chips is that R&D is a large chunk of Apple's expenses and to make it up cuases a disproportionant price gap between Intel and Apples based computers. To use Intel chips would greatly boost Apples bottom line. As a wise man once said, why invent the wheel? Maybe at one time when MAC's were superior in performance(due to win-bloat?) developing your own chip made sense but now that chips are fast enough it no longer matters.
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